A crash test dummy is a testing device designed to simulate the structure and biomechanical characteristics of the human body. It is used to evaluate the protection provided to occupants during vehicle collisions. Its main functions include:
Simulating the stress on different parts of the human body
Recording data during the collision process
Assessing the effectiveness of safety devices
Head
The head structure includes the skull, face, and neck connection devices, simulating the forces experienced by the human head during a collision.
Torso
The torso consists of the chest, abdomen, and spine, simulating the force distribution and deformation of the human torso.
Limbs
The limbs include both upper and lower limbs, simulating the motion and forces on human arms and legs during a collision.
Pelvis
The pelvis structure simulates the forces on the human pelvis during collisions, particularly to evaluate protection during side impacts.
Crash test dummies are equipped with various sensors to record data during collisions:
Accelerometers: Measure acceleration changes in different body parts
Force sensors: Measure forces applied to various parts
Displacement sensors: Measure movement and displacement of body parts
In a frontal crash test, if the head accelerometer records a peak acceleration of 50g and the torso sensor shows chest forces reaching 5000 N, these data can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of airbags and seatbelt protection.
