Full-vehicle crash tests use ejection principles and dedicated test systems to simulate various typical road traffic accident scenarios in a controlled laboratory environment. These tests are an effective means to verify vehicle body structures and restraint systems. By analyzing data from the vehicle structure, restraint systems, crash test dummies, and battery packs, the tests evaluate the protection performance of vehicles for occupants and external objects during collisions.
These tests primarily assess occupant protection in the event of a collision. Common test scenarios include:
Full-frontal 100% rigid barrier
30° angled rigid barrier
40% offset deformable honeycomb aluminum barrier
Pole-rigid barrier
25% small-offset rigid barrier
10% rigid-offset barrier
Frontal pole rigid barrier
Side pole rigid barrier
These tests focus on the safety performance of the vehicle’s side structure, restraint systems, fuel tank, battery pack, and compatibility. Typical scenarios include:
Side small-moving barrier collision
Frontal moving barrier collision
Rear-end moving barrier collision
These tests analyze the transmission path of impact forces, deformation of energy-absorbing components, and relevant parameters during vehicle calibration, while also assessing vehicle compatibility. Test conditions include:
0° frontal collision
Multi-angle collisions
This test scenario closely simulates real accidents, providing a more comprehensive evaluation of the vehicle’s actual safety performance.
In recent years, the focus of crash safety technology has gradually expanded from the collision stage to pre-collision, imminent danger, and abnormal driving stages. Key trends include:
Integration: Collaborative design of passive and active safety systems
Intelligence: Integration of vehicle safety systems with intelligent driving technologies
Systematization: A more comprehensive and holistic approach to vehicle safety design
In the future, testing methods and equipment will continue to innovate with the deep integration of passive and active safety, keeping pace with the AI era and the challenges and opportunities brought by the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
