A crash test dummy, or simply a dummie, is a full-scale anthropomorphic test device (ATD) that simulates the dimensions, weight proportions, and joints of the human body during a traffic collision.

Thermal manikins are instruments that simulate heat and moisture exchange between the human body and the environment and are widely used in clothing, construction, environmental research, aerospace, fire protection, and traffic safety.

The sweating thermal manikin simulates the human body's physiological structure and heat and moisture transfer mechanisms, accurately simulating the sweating and heat dissipation processes of the human body, whether in motion or at rest. It is used to te

Standard Practice for Determining the Temperature Ratings for Cold Weather Protective ClothingThis standard practice covers the determination of the temperature

Part 1: Thermal, mass and dimensional requirements for sleeping bags designed for limit temperatures of ‐20°C and higherThis standard specifies requirement

In hazardous fire environments, individuals must wear thermal protective clothing to prevent fire-related injuries. Thermal protective clothing is widely used t

Automobile crash test dummies are essential tools used by car manufacturers for safety testing. They simulate various parts and structures of the human body and

The development of Male thermal manikin can be divided into three stages. In 1941, the scholar Gage of the John Pierce Laboratory of Yale University in the Unit

Measurement of thermal insulation by means of a thermal manikinISO 15831 describes the requirements of the thermal manikin and the test procedure used to measur

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Using a Sweating ManikinThis test method covers the determination of the evaporative r