Thermal manikins are advanced instruments designed to simulate human heat exchange with the environment, enabling researchers and engineers to study thermal comfort, heat stress, and protective performance without exposing humans to risk. By mimicking human anatomy and physiology, these manikins provide precise, repeatable measurements of heat transfer, evaporative resistance, and thermal responses, making them essential in fields ranging from clothing development to occupational safety and environmental research.
Thermal manikins are widely used to evaluate thermal insulation, evaporative resistance, and comfort of garments, gloves, shoes, helmets, and other protective equipment. These tests allow engineers to optimize material selection and design.
Relevant Standards: ISO 15831, ISO 9920, ISO 7933, ASTM F1868, ASTM F1291
Manikins measure thermal stress and heat strain in extreme workplaces such as firefighting, steelworks, and chemical plants, helping to design safer work protocols and protective clothing.
Relevant Standards: ISO 12894, ISO 7243, ISO 9886, ISO 8996
Thermal manikins simulate human heat transfer in buildings, offices, and vehicles, optimizing air conditioning, heating, and ventilation systems while assessing occupant thermal comfort.
Relevant Standards: ISO 14505-2, ISO 7730, ASHRAE 55
Flame or fire manikins evaluate firefighter suits and heat-resistant protective gear, quantifying heat exposure and predicting burn risk under direct flame.
Relevant Standards: ASTM F1930, ISO 13506
Immersion or waterproof manikins simulate human heat loss in water, testing diving suits, wetsuits, and life jackets, and predicting endurance in cold water.
Relevant Standards: ISO 15831 (adapted for immersion), EN 14225-3
Manikins evaluate thermal comfort and heat stress during physical activity, guiding sportswear and protective gear design for athletes.
Relevant Standards: ISO 15831, ASTM F2370
Miniature manikins simulate thermal conditions for newborns and premature infants, aiding in incubator design and neonatal care studies.
Relevant Standards: ISO 9886, EN 13795, ISO 15831 (adapted)
Thermal manikins provide accurate, repeatable, and safe measurements of human thermal responses, enabling optimization of clothing, protective gear, indoor environments, and workplace safety. By following international standards, they ensure scientifically validated results, making them indispensable tools in modern research, product development, and human safety assessment.
